Method of forming metal vacuum bottles or carafes



June 12, 1928.

1,673,653 w. WAGNER METHOD OF FORMING METAL VACUUM BOTTLES OR CARAFESFiled Oct. 5. 1922 2 SheetsSheet 1 June 12, 1928. 1,673,653

w. WAGNER METHOD OF FORMING METAL VACUUM BOTTLES OR CARAFES Filed 001;.5, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i a h '3 J16 Wayne) lll PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER WAGNER, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IETHOD OI FORMING METAL VACUUI BOTTLEQ OB CABAFIH.

Application filed. October 5, 1922. Serial No. 598,687.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in themethod of forming metal vacuum bottles or carafes and has reference tothe specific-steps such as spinning or pressing the several metallicsections from blanks and forming the same into the completely finishedarticle.

An application filed by Walter Wagner for improvements in carafes onMarch 23, 1922, Serial No. 546,047 shows the completed article, whileindependent mechanical applications Serial No. 592,664 for improvementsin Vacuum bottle heaters, and Serial No, 592,666 for improvements in'vacuum pro ducing apparatus for metal carafes and Put em No. l,483,027for improvements in the art of welding receptacles filed on even dateherewith show separate devices employed in the process of manufacturingthe bottle or carafe as set forth hereinafter. 7

With the above general objects in view and others that will appear asthe nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists ofthe novel form, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter morefully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and claimed.

in the drawings, which show the several sections united to form thecarafe:

Figure l is a vertical sectional View of the inner wall of the carafeshowing several sections forming the same in spaced relation,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the intermediate wall of thecarafe showing the same formed of sections in spaced relation,

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the outer wall or casingshowing the sections forming the same slightly spaced, and

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the completed carafe showingthe three walls forming the same,

The completed article produced by the method hereinafter set forth isshown in Fig. 4 of the drawing, the carafe being of multi walledconstruction embodying an inn ner wall 1, an outer-wall or casing 2 andan intermediate wall 3, the space 4 between the inner and intermediatewalls being evacuated for rendering the inner wall 1 insulated from heatand cold in the completed vacuum bottle or carafe. All of the partsforming the carafe are constructed of metal and may either be spun orpressed into the desired configuration, such as illustrated in thedrawings.

The method employed in producing the metal carafe consists of spinningor pressing the inner wall 1, as shown in Fig. 1 to produce a lower bowlor bulb portion embodying lower and upper'sections 5 and 6 havin matededgm defining outwardly directed flanges 7 extending transversely of thebulbous portion and transverse to the elongated neck 8 carried by theupper bulbous portion 6., The mouth for the neck 8 as shown in Fig: 1.is of spaced double wall construction embodyin an inner wall 9 and anouter wall 10 space therefrom, the walls 9 and 10 being connected attheir outer ends b the flat ledge 1L An outwardly directe upturnedflange 12 is formed at the lower edge of the outer wall 10 of the mouthwhile the upper end of the inner wall 9 carries an annular depression 13for purposes hereinafter set forth. The lower edge of the inner wall 9carries an outwardly directed annular flange 9* cooperating with asimilar flange 8' formed at the outer end of the neck 8., The severalsections of the inner wall 1 of the carafe as above described arepreferably spun from a metal blank into the configuration set forth, andprior to uniting the several sections together, the inner faces of thewalls are enameled by any suitable, well known method, such as byfusion, said faces being completely covered. This step in the processconstitutes an important one as the enamel coating is evenly formed uponsaid wall faces, and as the several sections 5, 6

and 9 are separately coated, the escape of heated air or steam isunrestricted, thereby eliminating the formation of air bubbles, blistersor streaks upon the enameled surfaces during; the coating operationwhich would occur should the faces of the wall be enameled afterconnectin the several sections thereof, a relativel on neck restrict ingthe outlet for the mate air, gases or steam.

ln connecting the sections 5, 6 and 9 after the enameling thereof, saidsections are placed in any suitable welding apparatus wherein theopposed mating flanges 7 carried by the bulbous sections 5 and 6, andthe mating flanges 8 and 9" carried by the bottle neck and mouth,arealone exposed the remainin portions of the sections of the inner wal 1being protected and cooled in any suitable manner. The matin flanges arewelded, and the heating of mi flanges will cause the enamclto soften atthe joints and be evenly distributed thereover for presenting acontinuous unbroken surface on the inner face of the wall 1. A suitableform of apparatus for permitting the welding of the mating flanges ofthe sections of the inner wall 1 without softening the enameled faces ofthe said sections except at the joints is shown in my Patent No.1,483,027, referred to above.

The intermediate wall 3-of the carafe embodies upper and lower bulbousportions 14 and 15 having mating flanges 16 and 17 extendingtransversely of the bulbous portion and transversely to the relativelyshort neck portion 18, the flange 17 being swung downwardly intoengagement with the outer face of the lower bulbous portion 15 forforming an annular bead as illustrated. The lower section 15 of thebulbous portion of the intermediate wall 3 is open at the lower endthereof and carries a depending annular skirt 19 within which aninverted pan-shaped member embodying an annular side wall 20 isreceived. The upper wall 21 of the inverted pan-shaped melnber has acentral opening 22 therein surrounded by a depending annular wall 23,the lower end of the annular wall 23 being fashioned to provide anannular chamber 24 having a bottom wall 25 apertured as at 26. Anexternally threaded nipple 27 is secured to the bottom wall 25 of thechamber 24, the bore of which is alined with the aperture 26 andcontains a rubber bumper or valve 28.

The welded sections of the inner wall 1 are placed within the sections14 and 15 of the intermediate wall 1, the upper end of the neck 18 beingfrictionally received upon the flange 12 carried by the mouth portion ofthe inner wall while the flange 16 is moved into engagement with thehead 17 and spun thereover, the mating edges 16 and 17 being weldedtogether while the contacting edges between the neck portion 18 of theintermediate wall section 14 and the flange 12 of the mouth of the innerwall are also welded. The' depending skirt carried by the lower section15 of the intermediate wall is welded to the side flange 20 of thepanshaped member, thereby rigidly connecting the inner and intermediatewalls of the carafe.

An insulating material A, 'referably lamp black, after being highlyeated, is placed within the space or chamber 4 between the inner andintermediate walls of the carafe, the lamp black being tightly packedtherein, and the bottle in its embryo formation is laced in an invertedposition Within any suitable heating apparatus wherein the outer facesof the intermediate wall 3 may be subjected to a high degree of heat. Asuitable form of apparatus for accomplishing this step of heating theouter faces of the intermediate wall 3 is suggested in my copendingapplication Serial No. 592,664,

referred to above. During this step of the process, gases in the poresof the metal wall will escape therefrom and all moisture in theinsulating material will be vaporized and escape through the opening 26in the bottom wall of the intermediate member. This operation iseffected prior to the placing in position of the rubber valve 28 so thatthe gases and steam may readily escape from the embryo formation.Attention is called to the fact that the embryo formation is heated forremoving gases and moisture therefrom prior to the evacuating of the airbetween the inner and intermediate walls, it having been found in actualpractice that a more perfect vacuum may be produced when these steps inthe method are separately performed in the order named.

The embryo formation is then ready for the vacuum producing apparatus,which may be of any suitable type, the connected inner and intermediatewalls being supported in an inverted position upon a tensioned blockwhile a flexible hose extending from a vacuum pump is attached to thethreaded nipple 27, it being understood that the rubber valve 28 isplaced in position within the nipple for cooperation with the valveaperture 26 prior to the connection to the vacuum pump. It is also notedthat the embryo formation is evacuated while still in a heated conditionas a more perfect vacuum in the space 4 may be procured, operation ofthe vacuum pump and the act of withdrawing the air from the space 4causing a vibratory motion of the embryo formation on its resilientlymounted block which tends to loosen any particles of moisture or otherdeleterious substances adhering to the insulating lamp black or theadjacent walls or faces of the inner and intermediate walls. A suitableform of resiliently mounted block for supporting the embryo formationduring the step of evacuating the space 4, whereby the embryo formationmay freely vibrate, is suggested in my copending application Serial No.592,666, referred to above. After the air has been completely exhaustedfrom the space or chamber 4, a flexible hose or connection from thevacuum pump to the nipple 27 is disconnected, and the rubber valve 28will automatically seat upon the valve aperture 26, a seal such ascement or white lead being immediately placed within the outer open endof the nip )le 27 for permanently sealing the nipple and shutting offcommunication between the chamber 4 and the atmosphere. To prevent thewithdrawal of the lamp black or insulating material during the act ofcreating the vacuum in the chamber 4, a series of screen members 29 areositioned in the chamber 24 as shown in Fig. 2, forming a substantialabutment therefor, but not in any manner interfering with the vacuumproducing apparatus.

The outer face ofthe intermediate wall 3 is then coated with a suitablemineral oil B for effectively closing the pores in the metal, and theouter casing 2 is then placed in position upon the embryo formation tocom lete the carafe structure. The outer casing embodies a lower bulbousportion embodying upper and lower sections 30 and 31, the lower sectionhaving a bottom wall 32 and an outwardly directed annular bead 33 at itsupper edge to be engaged by the outwardly directed mating flange 34carried by the lower edge of the upper bulbous section which is spuntliereover as shown in Fig. 4, a suitable gasket 35 being positionedbetween the beads and flange 84. The upper bulbous portion 30 carries aneck extension 36 having an outwardly directed annular bead 37, andcontinuing upwardly to form an' outer neck portion 38 and an upper wall39, the inner edge of which carries a depending rin 40 to be received inthe depression 13 formed in the upper end of the inner wall 9 of themouth as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

The carafe is now in complete construction, and it has been found byactual use, that the several steps in the method as hereinbeforespecifically set forth are capable of producing a vacuum bottle orcarafe that is non-breakable and wherein the vacuum between the innerand intermediate walls may be maintained for a considerable greaterlength of time. Another important step in the method has reference tothe enameling of the inner faces of the inner wall 1 prior to thewelding of the sections forming the same which will permit the escape ofgases and steam during the enameling operation without the blistering orstreaking of the inner face.

Variations are contemplated in the different steps of the process, andit is intended that the invention should only be limited by the subjectmatter claimed.

What is claimed as new is 1. In the art of producing metallic carafeswherein the external configuration includes a bulbous lower part and anupper neck portion, the method of producing the inner wall formation ofthe carafe which consists in producing mating sections with the matingline extending transverse to the axis of the neck and through thebulbous portion, applyingv an enamel coating to the interior faces ofthe several disconnected sections before assembly and then uniting thesections along the mating line by welding the sections and fusing andrunning together the enamel coating of the sections to form a smoothcontinuous surface.

2. In the art of producing metallic carafes wherein the externalconfiguration includes a bulbous lower part and an upper neck portion,and wherein the carafe is of a threewall formation with the vacuumchamber between the intermediate and the inner wall,

the method of producing the carafe which.

consists in forming each of the walls of mating sections with the matingline extending transversely through the bulbous portion and transverseto the axis of the neck portion, enameling the inner faces of the innerwall sections individually before assembly, securing said sections inmating position by welding the engaging edges of the sections andrunning together the enamel coatin of the sections, positioning theinner wall within the sections of the intermediate wall and uniting thesections of the intermediate wall when so positioned to produce anembryo formation, producin a vacuum in the chamber between the walls,and then positioning the embryo formation within the sections of theouter wall and securing said sections together.

3. Inthe art of producing metallic carafes wherein the externalconfiguration includes a bulbous lower part and an upper neck por--tion, and wherein the carafe is of a threewall formation with the vacuumchamber between the intermediate and the inner wall, the method ofproducing the carafe which consists in forming each of the walls ofmating sections with the matin line extending transversely throu 'h thefiulbous portion and transverse to tie axis of the neck portion,enamelling the inner faces of the inner wall sections individuallybefore assembl and securing said sections in mating position afterenamelling, applying heat to the securing line of said sections forrunning together the enamel coating of the sections to produce anunbroken enamel surface, positioning the inner wall within the sectionsof the intermediate wall and uniting the sections of the intermediatewall when so positioned to produce an embryo formation, placing aninsulating material between the walls of the embryo formation, producina vacuum in the chamber between the wa Is, and then positioning theembryo formation within the sections of the outer wall and securing saidsections together.

4. In the art of producing metallic carafes wherein the externalconfiguration includes a bulbous lower part and an upper neck portion,and wherein the carafe is of a threewall formation with the vacuumchamber between the intermediate and the inner wall, the method ofroducing the carafe which consists in forming each of the walls of mating sections with the mating line extending tranzversely through thebulbous portion and transverse to the axis of the neck portion,enameling the inner faces of the inner wall sections individually beforeassembly and securing said sections in mating position after enameling,positioning the inner well within the sections of the intermediate walland uniting the sections of the intermediate wall when so positioned toproduce an embryo formation, placing heated lamp black between the wallsof the embryo formation, producing a vacuum in the chamber between thewalls, and then positioning the embryo formation within the sections ofthe outer wall and securing said sections together.

5. In the art of producing metallic carafes wherein the externalconfiguration includes a bulbous lower part and an upper neck portion,and wherein the carafe is of a three-wall formation with the vacuumchamber between the intermediate and the inner wall, the method ofproducing the carafe which consists in forming each of the walls ofmating sections with the mating line extending transversely through thebulbous portion and transverse to the axis of the neck portion,enameling the inner faces of the inner wall sections individually beforeassembly and securin said sections in mating position after ename ing,positioning the inner wall within the sections of the intermediate walland uniting the sections of the intermediate wall when so positioned toproduce an embryo formation, placing an insulating material between thewalls of the embryo formation, subjecting the embryo formation to a highdegree of heat to remove gases and moisture from the metal and insulatinmaterial, producing a vacuum in the cham er between the walls, and thenpositioning the embryo formation within the sections of the outer walland securing said sections together.

6.'In the art of producing metallic carafes wherein the externalconfiguration includes a bulbous lower part and an upper neck portion,and wherein the carafe is of a three-wall formation with the vacuumchamber between the intermediate and the inner wall, the method ofproducing the carafe which consists in forming each of the walls ofmating sections with the mating line extending transversely through thebulbous portion and transverse to the axis of the neck portion,enameling the inner faces of the inner wall sections individually beforeassembly and securing said sections in matirg position after enameling,positioning the inner wall within the sections of the intermediate walland uniting the sections of the intermediate wall when so positioned toproduce an embryo formation, placing an insulating material between thewalls of the embryo formation, subjecting the embryo formation to a highdegree of heat to remove ates and moisture from the metal and insuatingmaterial, vibrating the embryo formation and simultaneously producin avacuum in the chamber between the wa ls, and then positioning the embryoformation with the sections of the outer wall and securing said sectionstogether.

7.In thee art of producing metallic carafes wherein the external coration includes a bulbous lower art an an upper neck portion, and wheremthe carafe is of a three-wall formation with the vacuum chamber betweenthe intermediate and the inner wall, the method of producing the carafewhich consists in forming each of the walls of mating sections with themating line extending transversely through the bulb ous portion andtransverse to the axis of the neck portion, enameling the inner faces ofthe inner wall sections individually before assembly and securing saidsections in mating position after enameling, positioning the inner wallwithin the sections of the intermediate wall and uniting the sections ofthe intermediate wall when so positioned to produce an embryo formation,placing an insulating material between the walls of the embryoformation, subjecting the embryo formation to a high degree of heat toremove gases and moisture from the metal and insulating material,vibrating the embryo formation and simultaneously producing a vacuum inthe chamber between the walls, applying a mineral oil coating to theouter face of the embryo formation for closing the pores thereof, andthen positioning the embryo formation with the sections of the outerwall and securing said sections together.

8.- In the art of producing metallic carafes embodying spaced walls witha vacuum space therebetween, wherein the walls include bulbous lowerparts and upper neck portions, and wherein the inner wall consists ofmating sections with the mating line extending transverse to the axis ofthe neck and throu h the bulbous portion, the steps of interior yenamelling the inner wall sections before assembly of the same, and thenoining said sections with the employment of heat sufiicient and in amanner to cause fusion of the enamel at the joints.

9. In the art of producing metallic carafes embodying spaced walls witha vacuum space therebetween, wherein the walls include bulbous lowerparts and upper neck portions, and wherein the inner wall consists ofmating sections with the mating line extending transverse to the axis ofthe neck and through the bulbous portion, the steps of interiorlyenamellin the inner wall sections before assembly 0% the same, thenjoining said sections with the em-. ployment of heat sufiicient and in amanner to cause fusion of the enamel at the joints, and protecting theremaining portions of the sections from the heat so as to confine theheat to the joints during the joining operation.

10. In the art'of producing metallic carafes embodying spaced walls witha vacuum space t erebetween, wherein the walls include bulbous lowerparts and upper neck portions, the steps of placing the inner wallwithin and joining the same to a further wall to provide a spaced wallembryo formation elosed'except at the bottom, then placing a filling ofheat insulating material between the walls, and thereafter inverting theembryo formation and subjecting the further wall to heat sufficient tocause moisture to be driven from the pores oi the same and from the heatinsulating material out o? the open bottom of the embryo formation.

ll. In the art of producing metallic carales embodying spaced walls witha vacuum space therebetween, wherein the walls include bulbous lowerparts and upper neck portions, the steps of placing the inner wallwithin and joining the same to a further wall to provide a spaced wallembryo formation closed except at the bottom, then placing a filling ofheat insulating material between the walls, and thereafter inverting theembryo formation and subjecting the :lurther wall to heat sufiicient tocause m0isture to be driven from the pores of the same and from the heatinsulating material out of the open bottom of the embryo tormetion, thenwithdrawing the air from between the walls while vibrating the embryoformation. v

12. In/the art of producing metallic carafes embodying spaced walls witha vacuum space therebetween, wherein the walls include bulbous lowerparts and upper neck portions, the steps of placing the inner wallwithin and joining the same to a further wall to provide a spaced wallembryo formation closed except at the bottom, then lacing a filling ofheat insulating materia between the walls, and thereafter inverting theembryo formation and subjecting the further wall to heat sufiicient tocause moisture to be driven from the pores of the same and from the heatinsulating material out of the open bottom of the embryo formation, thenwithdrawing the air from between the walls while vibrating the embryoformation, then closing and sealing the bottom of the embryo formation,and finally coating the further wall enteriorly with a poreclosingmaterial.

in testimony whereof affix my signature.

Warren waennni

